{"id":27651,"date":"2023-03-14T19:00:08","date_gmt":"2023-03-14T17:00:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/4vultures.org\/?p=27651"},"modified":"2025-05-05T15:46:52","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T12:46:52","slug":"29-000-years-old-bearded-vulture-nesting-site-found-in-portugal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/4vultures.org\/es\/blog\/29-000-years-old-bearded-vulture-nesting-site-found-in-portugal\/","title":{"rendered":"29.000 years-old Bearded Vulture nesting site found in Portugal"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"http:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bearded-Vulture-in-flight-carrying-a-bone_Bruno-Berthemy-1024x768.png\" alt=\"Bearded Vulture in flight carrying a bone \u00a9 Bruno Berthemy\" class=\"wp-image-27660\" srcset=\"https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bearded-Vulture-in-flight-carrying-a-bone_Bruno-Berthemy-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bearded-Vulture-in-flight-carrying-a-bone_Bruno-Berthemy-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bearded-Vulture-in-flight-carrying-a-bone_Bruno-Berthemy-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bearded-Vulture-in-flight-carrying-a-bone_Bruno-Berthemy-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Bearded-Vulture-in-flight-carrying-a-bone_Bruno-Berthemy.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Bearded Vulture in flight carrying a bone \u00a9 Bruno Berthemy<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-25288-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">recently published scientific paper<\/a>\u00a0confirmed the presence of a <a href=\"https:\/\/4vultures.org\/es\/vultures\/bearded-vulture\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bearded Vulture (<em>Gypaetus barbatus<\/em>)<\/a> nesting site in Portugal, 29.000 years ago. Through the analysis of coprolites (fossilised faeces), the archaeological site \u201cLagar Velho,\u201d a rock shelter in Lapedo Valley (Leiria \u2013 Portugal) used by Upper Paleolithic hunters-gatherers for short-term stays, became the oldest place in the Iberian Peninsula with the proven presence of a Bearded Vulture nesting-site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Characterisation of coprolites confirms the presence of a Bearded Vulture nesting site in Portugal 29.000 years ago&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Since 2018, large quantities of coprolites have been found in archaeological excavations at Lagar Velho, a well-known area where significant remains of human occupation from the Upper Palaeolithic were found. To analyse the coprolites, researchers did a direct comparison with modern Bearded Vulture scats. The cylindrical shape, diameter, pointed extremities and homogenous porous texture were some of the criteria that enabled identification.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Researchers have also highlighted the coprolites\u2019 massive internal texture, their hard consistency and a total absence of bone inclusions, attributable to Bearded Vultures\u2019 highly acidic stomach (pH less than 1), capable of dissolving and digesting bones. Therefore, the main inorganic component in the analysed scats and coprolites were calcium phosphate compounds, a large component of bones and teeth.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"748\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_Internal-texture-of-coprolites-found-in-Lagar-Velho-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023-748x1024.png\" alt=\"Oldest Bearded Vulture nesting site in Portugal_Internal texture of coprolites found in Lagar Velho \u00a9 Sanz, M., Daura, J., Costa, A.M. et al. (2023)\" class=\"wp-image-27656\" srcset=\"https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_Internal-texture-of-coprolites-found-in-Lagar-Velho-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023-748x1024.png 748w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_Internal-texture-of-coprolites-found-in-Lagar-Velho-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023-219x300.png 219w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_Internal-texture-of-coprolites-found-in-Lagar-Velho-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023-768x1051.png 768w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_Internal-texture-of-coprolites-found-in-Lagar-Velho-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023-9x12.png 9w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_Internal-texture-of-coprolites-found-in-Lagar-Velho-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023.png 1103w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Internal texture of coprolites found in Lagar Velho \u00a9 Sanz, M., Daura, J., Costa, A.M. et al. (2023)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bearded Vulture, the bone accumulator&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>As scavengers, Bearded Vultures feed only on carcasses, but unlike other Vultures in Europe, they have a bone-based diet, a competitive advantage that allows them to thrive even in the most remote mountain ranges and rough climate conditions. While the meat and soft tissues of a carcass can quickly decay, dry bones and marrow are edible for longer periods and can retain 90% of the protein found in fresh bones. They acan swallow and digest bones the size of a sheep\u2019s vertebrae!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bearded Vultures build their nests in caves, rock shelters or on the overhangs of steep cliffs. They tend to accumulate bones in the nest, primarily for adult feeding, of which some will be consumed, regurgitated or digested, and some will never be consumed. At Lagar Velho rock shelter, located at the base of a limestone cliff, besides the coprolites, other bones and regurgitations were also found, confirming the presence of a nesting site. Previous studies in caves in Spain, France and Crete, reinforced the Bearded Vulture as a bone accumulator agent in archaeological sites.&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A new morphotype of coprolites has been proposed&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The analysis of scats is a non-invasive technique that provides useful information for biologists on species&#8217; health, diet, and dispersion. In archaeology, however, coprolites have attracted little attention and few articles are published. In the scientific article, researchers proposed a new morphotype of coprolites (morphotype 4) based on features that allow the differentiation between other carnivores, hyenids and non-hyenid.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The identification of coprolites at Lagar Velho shelter complemented previous investigations and reinforced the importance of their analysis in archaeological and paleontological sites. The new morphotype proposed will certainly be useful for the investigation of other sites and help shed light on past interactions between hunter-gatherers and Bearded Vultures.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"646\" src=\"http:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_A-new-morphotype-of-coprolites-identified-in-the-study-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023--1024x646.png\" alt=\"Oldest Bearded Vulture nesting site in Portugal_A new morphotype of coprolites identified in the study \u00a9 Sanz, M., Daura, J., Costa, A.M. et al. (2023)\" class=\"wp-image-27659\" srcset=\"https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_A-new-morphotype-of-coprolites-identified-in-the-study-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023--1024x646.png 1024w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_A-new-morphotype-of-coprolites-identified-in-the-study-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023--300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_A-new-morphotype-of-coprolites-identified-in-the-study-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023--768x485.png 768w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_A-new-morphotype-of-coprolites-identified-in-the-study-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023--1536x969.png 1536w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_A-new-morphotype-of-coprolites-identified-in-the-study-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023--2048x1292.png 2048w, https:\/\/4vultures.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Oldest-Bearded-Vulture-nesting-site-in-Portugal_A-new-morphotype-of-coprolites-identified-in-the-study-\u00a9-Sanz-M.-Daura-J.-Costa-A.M.-et-al.-2023--18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>A new morphotype of coprolites identified in the study \u00a9 Sanz, M., Daura, J., Costa, A.M. et al. (2023)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bearded Vultures in Portugal&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Once distributed across the entire Iberian Peninsula, the Bearded Vulture became extinct in Portugal at the end of the 19th Century. Food availability, animal husbandry and human persecution were the main reasons for the species&#8217; decline. The last two individuals, shot by King D. Carlos I in Southern Portugal, can be visited at the&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.museudaciencia.org\/index.php?module=events&amp;option=calendar&amp;id=539\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Science Museum of Coimbra University.<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Over the last 100 years, there were 9 observations of Bearded Vultures crossing Portuguese skies, vagrants from the&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/4vultures.org\/es\/our-work\/reintroduction-and-restocking\/bearded-vulture-to-andalusia\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">population established in Andalusia<\/a>. Transhumance, a GPS tagged Bearded Vulture was&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/4vultures.org\/es\/blog\/ninth-record-of-a-bearded-vulture-in-portugal-in-the-last-100-years\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">one of the last observations,<\/a>&nbsp;although many others fly over the country unnoticed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sanz, M., Daura, J., Costa, A.M. et al. The characterization of bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) coprolites in the archaeological record. Sci Rep 13, 57 (2023).&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-25288-x\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-25288-x<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A\u00a0recently published scientific paper\u00a0confirmed the presence of a Bearded Vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) nesting site in Portugal, 29.000 years ago. Through the analysis of coprolites (fossilised faeces), the archaeological site \u201cLagar Velho,\u201d a rock shelter in Lapedo Valley (Leiria \u2013 Portugal) used by Upper Paleolithic hunters-gatherers for short-term stays, became the oldest place in the Iberian [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":27660,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[173,12,30],"class_list":["post-27651","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-2023-03","tag-beardedvulture","tag-research"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - 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